SAMPE Journal - March/April 2023 - 42
FEATURE / HYBRID COMPOSITES
step but did not change as a result of mechanical
recycling or the second injection molding step. The
decrease in mechanical properties was observed
after the first injection molding indicating that
fiber length attrition was not a major contributor to
the decrease in mechanical properties as recycled
content is increased.
Recycling Pathway Effects on PA66
Degradation
NMR was conducted on neat PA66 and 100%
recycled samples to determine possible
degradation of the PA66 during the processing
pathway (Figure 4).
The signals at 25.16, 26.30, 29.12, 35.96, and
39.79 pp, represent the carbons in PA66 for both
the neat PA66 and 100% recycled sample (Figure
5a). Only signals from the trans isomer were
observed with additional signals arising for the
100% recycled samples from potential leaching of
the CF or another contaminant introduced during
processing. The 100% recycled sample shows peaks
at 169 ppm in the 13
C NMR spectra (Figure 5b) and
8.88 in the 1H NMR spectra (Figure 5c) that were
not seen in the neat PA66. A potential reason for
the differences in the spectra may be due to the
formation of N-formamide structure due to heat
degradation processing at high temperature26, 27
.
More experimentation is required to determine
the amount of degradation in the PA66 as a result
of the first injection molding step and the second
injection molding step. It is likely that some PA66
degradation is happening during the first injection
molding step and further PA66 degradation is
occurring during the second injection molding step.
As previously mentioned, when exposed to high
shear at an elevated temperature the shear forces
create a large amount of friction that increases
the temperature causing possible degradation.
From the NMR results, degradation of the PA66 is
present and is likely a factor causing reduction in
the mechanical properties. As the recycled content
increases, more PA66 material is exposed to an
additional high temperature cycle and a high shear
processing step that the virgin pellets have not
experienced resulting in more PA66 degradation of
samples with higher recycled content.
To mitigate the potential for polymer
degradation due to high temperature and high
shear, manufacturing methods that do not require
42 | SAMPE JOURNAL | MARCH APRIL 2023
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SAMPE Journal - March/April 2023
Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of SAMPE Journal - March/April 2023
Contents
SAMPE Journal - March/April 2023 - Cover1
SAMPE Journal - March/April 2023 - Cover2
SAMPE Journal - March/April 2023 - Contents
SAMPE Journal - March/April 2023 - 2
SAMPE Journal - March/April 2023 - 3
SAMPE Journal - March/April 2023 - 4
SAMPE Journal - March/April 2023 - 5
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SAMPE Journal - March/April 2023 - 41
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SAMPE Journal - March/April 2023 - Cover3
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