Explore PA Wine Land Book 2021 - 18

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FIRST PLANTING
FRUIT SET
Typically purchased from plant
nurseries, young grapevines are
planted in rows, ideally in plots
chosen for soil quality, exposure
to light, and good drainage. Once
planted, it will be up to three years
before the vines bear usable fruit.
The pollinated flowers drop their
petals, revealing tiny green spheres
- baby grapes! The number of orbs
is a good indicator of future yields in
a vineyard.
CROP THINNING
PRUNING
During the winter and early spring,
each vine gets individual attention.
Wine grapes grow on year-old shoots
of wood called " cane, " so the spent
wood from the previous season is
trimmed off - often over 90 percent
of the visible vine is removed. The
pruner also determines which new
shoots look the most promising;
those decisions have a huge impact
on yield and quality. Pruning trains
and shapes the vines, giving them
that familiar T shape.
To prepare for ripening, some vineyard
managers will thin underperforming
bunches from the vines. This allows
the plant to put more energy - and
essential sugars - into the prime fruit.
The team will also trim the canopy (the
plant's dense foliage), allowing the
ideal amount of sunlight and air to
reach the grapes.
VERAISON
BUD BREAK
This is the moment when the buds
first emerge from the vines or cane. In
Pennsylvania, this typically happens
in late April or May, depending on the
weather and the region.
Pronounced " verre-ray-shun, " this
is the most dynamic time of year in
the vineyard as unripe green grapes
take on their final red, pink, or yellow
hue. In Pennsylvania, this typically
happens in August.
HARVEST
FLOWERING
Over the next month or so, vines
will sprout leaves and eventually
bunches of small flowers. Each of
these blossoms is a potential future
grape. This is a precarious time in the
vineyard as a late frost can severely
damage the delicate blooms. Fun
fact: The flowers of grapevines are
called " perfect flowers " because they
pollinate themselves without the
need for bees.
18 | PAWINELAND
In late summer and fall, the cane
hardens and turns a deeper brown
while grapes continue to ripen. When
sugars reach the right levels, teams
rush to pick the fruit at its peak. This
high-stakes moment typically happens
in September and October.

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Explore PA Wine Land Book 2021

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