Explore PA Wine Land Book 2021 - 83

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SLIP-SKIN GRAPE » These
grapes have a skin that is easily
removed during the winemaking
process and therefore does not
impart much color to the resulting
wines. For example, Delaware is a
slip-skin grape with dark pink skin
and light flesh that produces white
and blush wines.
SPLIT » A split, also called a halfbottle
or demi, holds 375 ml of wine.
STEELY » This adjective is used to
describe wines with powerful acidity
- think " sharp " - which creates a
metallic sensation. It's typically used
in relation to young, light-bodied
white wines.
TANNINS » Tannin is a naturally
occurring polyphenol (a type of
organic chemical) found in plants,
seeds, bark, wood, leaves, and fruit
skins. When it comes to flavor, tannins
create a dry sensation on the tongue;
for example, think of unsweetened
black tea. Most often found in red
wines, they also add bitterness and
complexity. Because tannins come
from the skin, seeds, and stems of
grapes, the winemaking process has
a major impact on the tannin levels
in the final product - more time in
contact with the skins (or aging in
oak) mean more of that particular
mouth-feel.
TEINTURIER » A French word
meaning " tinter " or " dyer, " it
describes grapes with red flesh. This
is is surprisingly rare for a wine grape,
as most have clear juice and the
wine's color is derived from the skins.
Famous teinturiers include Saperavi
and Chambourcin. In addition to
providing a color boost, the pulp of
these grapes contains the pigment
anthocyanin, a powerful antioxidant.
UNCTUOUS » This adjective
refers to the mouthfeel of a wine,
specifically an oily, lush texture, or
soft, velvety tannins.
VITIS LABRUSCA » This species
of grapevines is native to eastern
North America; examples of Vitis
labrusca varietals include Catawba,
Concord, Delaware, and Niagara.
These grapes are known for their
foxy character and hardiness.
VITIS VINIFERA » Most of the
world's famous grape varietals
fall under this species, including
Riesling, Chardonnay, and Cabernet
Sauvignon. Vitis vinifera vines are
native to the Mediterranean region,
Central Europe, and southwestern
Asia. These grapes are often crossed
with native varietals to produce more
resilient hybrids.
WINE LEGS » This phrase describes
the drips that form on the side of
a glass when a wine is swirled - an
indicator of the wine's weight. This
is the result of fluid surface tension
caused by the evaporation of alcohol.
High alcohol wines produce more
legs; sweet wines - which are more
viscous - have legs that travel more
slowly down the sides of the glass.
Also known as: Tears of Wine, Church
Windows, and the Gibbs-Marangoni Effect.
PAWINELAND | 83
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Explore PA Wine Land Book 2021

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