Food Protection Trends - August 2010 - 476

the facility level. Engineering, operations and quality assurance teams were all involved in the chiller heat treatment planning as well as the ongoing treatment. The minimum effective parameters that completely dried chillers without impacting internal floor, walls and chilling equipment was found to be 50oC for 2 hours. The engineering team was given the responsibility of preparing chilling units for weekend heating, and no chiller is excluded from the heat treatment for more than 2 weeks. The operations team consolidates product into other chillers, ensuring that a gap around the chiller walls to be treated is maintained to allow airflow and passage of heaters and fans. The quality assurance team verifies temperature graphs displaying each of the chillers treated. As these protocols were developed by all the teams involved, standard operating procedures were readily taken into the GMP program. We have described a simple way to potentially reduce Listeria contamination in the post processing chiller environment. Certainly a limitation of this technique is the required redundancy of chillers, and it is recognized that many facilities do not operate with such a redundancy. Although this protocol is unable to completely eliminate Listeria, it does dry chillers, is easily taken up into the GMP program, produces no deleterious effects to the treated chillers and has significantly reduced environmental post cook chiller Listeria contamination.

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REFERENCES
1. Anonymous. AS1766.2.16. 1998. Food Microbiology — Examination for specific organisms — Food and animal feeding stuffs — Horizontal method for the detection and enumeration of Listeria monocytogenes

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— Detection method. Standards Australia, Sydney. Bishop, P. L. 1997. Biofilm structure and kinetics. Water Sci. Technol. 36: 287–294. Casadei, M. A., R. E. Matos, S. T. Harrison, and J. E. Gaze. 1998. Heat resistance of Listeria monocytogenes in dairy products as affected by the growth medium. J. Appl. Microbiol. 84:234–239. Chhabra, A.T., W. H. Carter, R. H. Linton, and M.A. Cousin. 2002. A predicitive model that evaluates the effect of growth conditions on the thermal resistance of Listeria monocytogenes. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 78:235–243. Chmielewski, R. A. N., and J. F. Frank. 2004.A predictive model for heat inactivation of Listeria monocytogenes biofilm on stainless steel. J. Food. Prot. 67:2712–2718. Gandhi, M., and M. I. Chikindas. 2007. Listeria: A foodborne pathogen that knows how to survive. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 113:1–15. George, S. M., B. M. Lund, and T. F. Brocklehurst. 1988. The effect of pH and temperature on initiation of growth of Listeria monocytogenes. Lett. Appl. Microbiol. 6:153–156. Huang, B., S. Eglezos, B. A. Heron, H. Smith, T. Graham, J. Bates, and J. Savill. 2007. Comparison of multiplex PCR with conventional biochemical methods for the identification of Listeria spp. isolates from food and clinical samples in Queensland, Australia. J. Food Prot. 70:1874–1880. International Commission on Microbiological Specifications for Foods. 1996. Microorganisms in foods 5: Microbiological specifications of food pathogens. 2nd edition. Blackie Academic and Professional, London.

10. Jensen, A., L. E. Thomsen, R. L. Jorgensen, M. H. Larsen, B. B. Roldgaard, B. B. Christensen, B. F. Vogel, L. Gram, and H. Ingmer. 2008. Processing plant persistent strains of Listeria monocytogenes appear to have a lower virulence potential than clinical strains in selected virulence models. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 123:254–261. 11. Houben, J. H., and F. Eckenhausen. 2006. Surface pasteurization of vacuum-sealed precooked readyto-eat meat products. J. Food Prot. 69:459–468. 12. McLauchlin, J. 1997. The identification of Listeria species. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 38:77–81. 13. Moltz, A. G., and S. E. Martin. 2005. Formation of biofilms by Listeria monocytogenes under various growth conditions. J. Food. Prot. 68:92–97. 14. Pan,Y., F. Breidt Jr., and S. Kathariou. 2006. Resistance of Listeria monocytogenes biofilms to sanitizing agents in a simulated food processing environment. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 72:7711–7717. 15. Somers, E.B., and A.C.L. Wong. 2004. Efficacy of two cleaning and sanitizing combinations on Listeria monocytogenes biofilms formed at low temperature on a variety of materials in the presence of readyto-eat meat residue. J. Food Prot. 67:2218–2229. 16. Tompkin, R. B. 2002. Control of Listeria monocytogenes in the foodprocessing environment. J. Food Prot. 65:709–725. 17. Tompkin, R. B., V. N. Scott, D. T. Bernard, W. H. Sveum, and K. S. Gombas. 1999. Guidelines to prevent post-processing contamination from Listeria monocytogenes. Dairy Food Environ. Sanit. 19:551–562.

476 FOOD PROTECTION TRENDS | AUGUST 2010



Food Protection Trends - August 2010

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of Food Protection Trends - August 2010

Food Protection Trends - August 2010
Table of Contents
Sustaining Members
Vickie’s View from Your President
Commentary from the Executive Director
A Simple Method to Reduce Listeria in Blast and Holding Chillers
Influence of Calcium Lactate-calcium Gluconate Combination and Other Calcium Salts or Mixtures on the Fate of Salmonellae in Artificially Inoculated Orange Juice
An Assessment of the Burden of Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases in Three World Regions, 2008
General Interest Report — Innovations in Printing Technology Can Help Boost Food Safety
Highlights from the Executive Board Meeting
Highlights from the IAFP Sixth European Symposium on Food Safety
New Members
What’s Happening in Food Safety
Industry Products
Coming Events
Advertising Index
Journal of Food Protection Table of Contents
Audiovisual Library Order Form
Booklet Order Form
Membership Application
Food Protection Trends - August 2010 - Food Protection Trends - August 2010
Food Protection Trends - August 2010 - Cover2
Food Protection Trends - August 2010 - 457
Food Protection Trends - August 2010 - Table of Contents
Food Protection Trends - August 2010 - 459
Food Protection Trends - August 2010 - 460
Food Protection Trends - August 2010 - 461
Food Protection Trends - August 2010 - 462
Food Protection Trends - August 2010 - 463
Food Protection Trends - August 2010 - 464
Food Protection Trends - August 2010 - Sustaining Members
Food Protection Trends - August 2010 - 466
Food Protection Trends - August 2010 - 467
Food Protection Trends - August 2010 - Vickie’s View from Your President
Food Protection Trends - August 2010 - 469
Food Protection Trends - August 2010 - Commentary from the Executive Director
Food Protection Trends - August 2010 - 471
Food Protection Trends - August 2010 - A Simple Method to Reduce Listeria in Blast and Holding Chillers
Food Protection Trends - August 2010 - 473
Food Protection Trends - August 2010 - 474
Food Protection Trends - August 2010 - 475
Food Protection Trends - August 2010 - 476
Food Protection Trends - August 2010 - Influence of Calcium Lactate-calcium Gluconate Combination and Other Calcium Salts or Mixtures on the Fate of Salmonellae in Artificially Inoculated Orange Juice
Food Protection Trends - August 2010 - 478
Food Protection Trends - August 2010 - 479
Food Protection Trends - August 2010 - 480
Food Protection Trends - August 2010 - 481
Food Protection Trends - August 2010 - 482
Food Protection Trends - August 2010 - An Assessment of the Burden of Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases in Three World Regions, 2008
Food Protection Trends - August 2010 - 484
Food Protection Trends - August 2010 - 485
Food Protection Trends - August 2010 - 486
Food Protection Trends - August 2010 - 487
Food Protection Trends - August 2010 - 488
Food Protection Trends - August 2010 - 489
Food Protection Trends - August 2010 - 490
Food Protection Trends - August 2010 - General Interest Report — Innovations in Printing Technology Can Help Boost Food Safety
Food Protection Trends - August 2010 - 492
Food Protection Trends - August 2010 - Highlights from the Executive Board Meeting
Food Protection Trends - August 2010 - Highlights from the IAFP Sixth European Symposium on Food Safety
Food Protection Trends - August 2010 - 495
Food Protection Trends - August 2010 - New Members
Food Protection Trends - August 2010 - 497
Food Protection Trends - August 2010 - What’s Happening in Food Safety
Food Protection Trends - August 2010 - 499
Food Protection Trends - August 2010 - 500
Food Protection Trends - August 2010 - Industry Products
Food Protection Trends - August 2010 - 502
Food Protection Trends - August 2010 - 503
Food Protection Trends - August 2010 - 504
Food Protection Trends - August 2010 - Coming Events
Food Protection Trends - August 2010 - 506
Food Protection Trends - August 2010 - Advertising Index
Food Protection Trends - August 2010 - 508
Food Protection Trends - August 2010 - Journal of Food Protection Table of Contents
Food Protection Trends - August 2010 - Audiovisual Library Order Form
Food Protection Trends - August 2010 - Booklet Order Form
Food Protection Trends - August 2010 - Membership Application
Food Protection Trends - August 2010 - Cover3
Food Protection Trends - August 2010 - Cover4
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