Food Protection Trends - May/June 2022 - 202

PEER-REVIEWED ARTICLE
Food Protection Trends, Vol 42, No. 3, p. 202-209
http://doi.org/10.4315/FPT-21-024
Copyright©
2022, International Association for Food Protection
2900 100th Street, Suite 309, Des Moines, IA 50322-3855, USA
Mahmoud A. Shuaib, Ahmed O. Akeem,*
Philip T. Babatunde, Raji A. Mashood,
Daodu O. Babatunde, Olorunshola I. Dayo,
and Raufu A. Ibrahim
*Dept. of Veterinary Microbiology, University of Ilorin, Ilorin,
Kwara State, Nigeria
Phenotypic Characterization of Campylobacter
Species from Ruminants Slaughtered at Major
Abattoirs in Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
Campylobacter is a leading cause of bacterial gastroenteritis
worldwide. This study determined the phenotypic
characteristics of Campylobacter from ruminants slaughtered
in two major abattoirs in Ilorin metropolis of Kwara
state, Nigeria. In total, 350 fecal samples were collected
from beef cattle (n = 200) and goat (n = 150). Campylobacter
was isolated and phenotypically characterized using
standard bacteriological methods. Seventy (20%) of the
samples were positive for Campylobacter. The isolation
rate of Campylobacter from female animals (11.71%)
was higher than that of males (8.28%), albeit there was
no significant difference (P > 0.05). Similarly, the rate of
isolation of Campylobacter from bovine (12.86%) was not
statistically significant (P > 0.05) from that of caprine
(7.14%) species. Only five (7.14%) of the total isolates
were Campylobacter jejuni. All isolates were resistant to
nalidixic acid and pan-susceptible to gentamicin, but there
were different rates of antimicrobial resistance to other
tested antibiotics. There was also high rate of resistance
to cefotaxime (83%) and ampicillin (76%), and 53% of the
isolates displayed multidrug resistance phenotypes. The
study established 20% Campylobacter contamination of
ruminants slaughtered in the two major abattoirs in Ilorin,
and most of the isolates were multidrug resistant. Further
study is recommended to molecularly characterize the species
of Campylobacter circulating in the study area.
INTRODUCTION
Campylobacteriosis is one of the major causes of bacterial
diarrheal disease worldwide (13). Although many species exist
within the genus Campylobacter, C. jejuni, C. coli, C. upsaliensis,
C. jejuni subspecies doylei, C. concisus, C. lari, and C. mucosalis
are the species commonly cultured from fecal specimens
(27), with almost 90% of reported cases associated with C.
jejuni (13). Several other emerging species have recently
been reported, including C. curvus, C. hyointestinalis, C.
insulaenigrae, C. lari, C. mucosalis, C. sputorum biovar sputorum,
and C. ureolyticus, all of which have been associated with
gastroenteritis (29). Campylobacter species are curved, small,
nonsporeforming Gram-negative rods that are microaerophiles
(23). They belong to the Campylobacteraceae and are 0.2-0.9
*Author for correspondence: Phone: +2347068503941; Email: ahmed.oa@unilorin.edu.ng
202 Food Protection Trends May/June
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