Food Protection Trends - January/February 2023 - 21

medium-sized growers. Educational tools or trainings should
include examples or case studies that differ in farm size,
market, region, and farm type. Any output should be tailored
to the area of need, consider the factors influencing growers,
and take an approach that supports the ability of growers to
individualize the information to their farms.
This review also highlights the longitudinal nature of produce
safety education and implementation. Improvements
in knowledge and practice take time. Much of this work is
funded by grants with relatively short performance timelines.
This review suggests that longer term projects may be needed
to fully support adoption of food safety programs with direct
technical assistance and to evaluate the impact of this produce
safety education and technical support.
REFERENCES
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The authors acknowledge the NECAFS needs assessment
workgroup, who provided input during conference calls and
a half-day in-person discussion to help guide and inform
this semisystematic literature review process. The authors
are grateful to Christie Silkotch (research librarian, Howe
Library, University of Vermont) for informing our approach
and providing guidance on database use. Funding for this
work was provided by the Food Safety Outreach Program
(USDA-NIFA-FSMA-2018-70020-28878). Without our
sponsor, this work would not have been possible.
January/February Food Protection Trends
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