Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 126
PEER-REVIEWED ARTICLE
Food Protection Trends, Vol 43, No. 2, p. 126-143
https://doi.org/10.4315/FPT-22-023
Copyright©
Susan M. Leaman,1* Justin Kerr,2
Sonia Salas,3
Afreen Malik,3
2023, International Association for Food Protection
2900 100th Street, Suite 309, Des Moines, IA 50322-3855, USA
Trevor V. Suslow,4
and De Ann Davis3
Martin Wiedmann,5
1iDecisionSciences, LLC, Bellevue, WA 98009, USA
2
4
Factor IV Solutions, LLC, Atascadero, CA 93422, USA
3Western Growers, Irvine, CA 92618, USA
University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
5Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
Fresh Produce Harvesting Equipment - A Review of
Cleaning and Sanitizing Practices and Related Science
ABSTRACT
During produce harvesting operations, various types of
tools, equipment, and containers have direct contact with
crops. Best practices for harvesting equipment include
routine cleaning and sanitation of food-contact surfaces
and areas adjacent to food-contact surfaces. Studies
investigating transfer of human pathogens to produce
during harvesting operations have revealed numerous
crop-contact points with the potential to serve as conduits
for pathogen transfer, including harvesting machinery,
knives, conveyors, cutting boards, harvest bins and
cartons, and cleaning equipment. When these surfaces
are contaminated with human pathogens, the pathogens
can be transferred to crops during harvesting activities.
Minimizing and controlling microbial hazards to prevent
contamination of produce during harvesting operations
in both indoor and outdoor settings presents challenges
that require a transformative level of risk awareness and
vigilance from all involved in management and operations.
Although new technologies are being explored to improve
equipment cleanability, prevention combined with robust
cleaning and sanitizing methods remain the most critical
maintenance aspects of harvesting equipment that is
at low risk for contamination. As part of the produce
industry's continuous efforts to enhance the safety of
harvested fresh produce crops, this review summarizes
scientific findings that harvesting equipment operators can
utilize to evaluate and further inform current cleaning and
sanitation practices.
INTRODUCTION
In the 1998 Guide to Minimize Microbial Food Safety
Hazards for Fresh Fruits and Vegetables from the U.S. Food
and Drug Administration (FDA) (166), the agency named
harvesting machinery, knives, containers, tables, baskets,
packaging materials, brushes, buckets, etc., as field equipment
that " can easily spread microorganisms to fresh produce " and
recommends keeping harvesting and packing equipment " as
clean as practicable. " Those early minimal recommendations
for cleaning field equipment were expanded to more extensive
requirements under the federal Food Safety Modernization
Act following the 2015 finalization of the FDA's (168)
*Author for correspondence: Phone: +1 206.498.2825; Email: susan@idecisionsciences.com
126 Food Protection Trends March/April
https://www.foodprotection.org/files/food-protection-trends/mar-apr-23-Leaman.pdf
https://www.doi.org/10.4315/FPT-22-023
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023
Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023
Perceptions of Risk, Control, and Responsibility Regarding Food Safety among Consumers in Lebanon
Fresh Produce Harvesting Equipment – A Review of Cleaning and Sanitizing Practices and Related Science
Assessing Physical Attributes Associated with Implementation of Risk Management Practices among Small Strawberry Farms
Evaluating Misinformation on YouTube about Washing Produce Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Minimally Processed Vegetables: Consumer Profile, Consumption Habits, and Perceptions of Microbiological Risk
Beyond the Bio
PDG Highlight
Industry Products
Letter to the Editor
Coming Events
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - Cover1
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - Cover2
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 105
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 106
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 107
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 108
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 109
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 110
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 111
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - Perceptions of Risk, Control, and Responsibility Regarding Food Safety among Consumers in Lebanon
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 113
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 114
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 115
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 116
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 117
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 118
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 119
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 120
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 121
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 122
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 123
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 124
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 125
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - Fresh Produce Harvesting Equipment – A Review of Cleaning and Sanitizing Practices and Related Science
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 127
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 128
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 129
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 130
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 131
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 132
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 133
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 134
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 135
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 136
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 137
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 138
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 139
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 140
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 141
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 142
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 143
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - Assessing Physical Attributes Associated with Implementation of Risk Management Practices among Small Strawberry Farms
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 145
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 146
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 147
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 148
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 149
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 150
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 151
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 152
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 153
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 154
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 155
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 156
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 157
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 158
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 159
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 160
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - Evaluating Misinformation on YouTube about Washing Produce Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 162
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 163
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 164
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 165
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 166
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - Minimally Processed Vegetables: Consumer Profile, Consumption Habits, and Perceptions of Microbiological Risk
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 168
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 169
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 170
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 171
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 172
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 173
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 174
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 175
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 176
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 177
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 178
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 179
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - Beyond the Bio
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 181
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 182
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - PDG Highlight
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 184
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 185
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 186
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 187
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - Industry Products
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 189
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 190
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 191
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 192
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - Letter to the Editor
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 194
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 195
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 196
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 197
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 198
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - 199
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - Coming Events
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - Cover3
Food Protection Trends - March/April 2023 - Cover4
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