Autonomous Vehicle Engineering - March 2021 - 24

Connected Vehicle

TCU Testing at the Heart of
Vehicle Connectivity
Adding a telematics control unit to the vehicle and keeping it operational demands
a focused approach towards testing this vital component.
by Nikhil Kumar

The wireless connectivity between the modern
vehicle and the outside world is possible thanks to a
constantly evolving component called the telematics
control unit (TCU). The TCU is at the center of all
connectivity-related use cases, so its operation must
be flawless. Closely related to the TCU are over-the-air
tests (OTA), electromagnetic compatibility (EMC),
electromagnetic interference (EMI) and automotive
Ethernet. All should be kept in mind when designing
the strategy to test TCUs.

Rohde & Schwarz

Cellular V2X, dedicated short-range communications,
or both, are some of the points that play a role in
deciding the scope of TCU testing.

24 March 2021	

The TCU is loaded with multiple wireless technologies that enable the vehicle to exchange information
with its surroundings. It is also connected to multiple
components inside the vehicle, including other electronic control units and domain controls, via wired
connections using automotive Ethernet and controller
area network (CAN) bus. Connecting the vehicle to
the cloud, roadside infrastructure and other road users
enables new business models for vehicle OEMs and
promise new safety and convenience features for the
drivers and passengers.
Autonomous fleets can benefit from the wireless
link between the vehicle and the cloud infrastructure.
Remote debugging, remote assistance and teleoperation are a few possibilities that are possible over the
cellular link. Constant monitoring of the health of an
autonomous vehicle (AV) and updating high-definition maps in real time are a few other examples that are
made possible via connectivity. These applications do
come with their own set of challenges such as latency,
throughput, cellular network coverage, etc., but LTE
and 5G cellular technologies provide adequate tools
to deploy them.
Engineering teams working on training and
testing autonomous fleets can benefit from the
addition of advanced Wi-Fi versions like 802.11ax
to the TCU. Engineers are constantly updating large
fleets of AVs with newer versions of software and
deploying these AVs for the drive tests. It is a challenge to bring back large amounts of data from the
field and upload for analysis before the next version of
the software is installed on the AV fleet. Using a wired
connection is inefficient and using an LTE connection
for this use case is very expensive.

AUTONOMOUS VEHICLE ENGINEERING



Autonomous Vehicle Engineering - March 2021

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