Automotive Engineering - May 2022 - BET13

Name/Shutterstock.com
Prototype solid-state battery
cells manufactured by Solid
Power. (Photo: Solid Power)
believe their
method can bring more
effi ciency and value to the solid-state
battery manufacturing process.
The researchers looked at the critical
demonstration
program of 50 Dongfeng
E70 EVs using solid-state batteries
developed in collaboration with
reduce the
amount of critical,
high-cost minerals required
for lithium-ion battery chemistries.
Solid-state technology is far from perfected
for automotive-scale production
and with increasing global interest in EVs
as an answer to climate change and fossil-fuel
supply concerns, barely a May
passes without the breathless announcement
of some new battery breakthrough.
But promising recent research and development
on several fronts appears to be
bringing solid-state battery designs closer
to production readiness - and it was reported
in late January, 2022, that Chinese
automaker Dongfeng Motor launched a
Battery & Electrifi cation Technology, May 2022
Ganfeng Lithium. Although scant detail is
available, the Ganfeng solid-state batteries
employ a " fl exible-diaphragm " technology
to facilitate lithium-ion travel while also
curbing formation of lithium dendrites, a
common problem that inhibits energy retention
and recharging performance.
Process as a Pathway
Partially addressing the issue of dendrite
formation as well as other performance-
and longevity-related factors, research
announced by a research team
from MIT and Brookhaven National
Laboratory indicates a comparatively quick
and low-cost process may help eliminate a
costly manufacturing step that currently is
necessary to achieve the best performance
from solid-state batteries. The researchers
interface between the solid-state electrolyte
(usually some type of ceramic material)
and the cathode and anode materials
on each side of the electrolyte. The electrode
materials typically are sintered at
high heat to the electrolyte to assure
physical bonds that yield the best possible
conductivity. But now, to achieve the best
material bonding, special coatings were
needed at the interface of the electrolyte
and the cathode layer. Sintering, which for
ceramic materials usually is performed at
temperatures of 1,000 °C (1832 °F) or
higher, causes atoms from each material
to migrate into the other to form bonds.
The team's experiments, said an MIT
News article summarizing the work,
showed that at temperatures anywhere
above a few hundred degrees, detrimental
reactions take place that increase the
resistance at the interface, but only if
carbon dioxide is present, even if in meager
amounts. The researchers demonstrated
that sintering in the total absence
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Automotive Engineering - May 2022

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