Automotive Engineering - June 2022 - 7

TECHNOLOGY REPORT
Toyota presented some of the findings
completed in its last five-year funding
program, including a fascinating study
on driver " mental models. " Kicked off in
2017, the multi-year project studied the
interaction between vehicle safety systems
and the mental images users of
the technology generate in response to
the technology.
" In this research, the concept of mental
model was very broadly applied to
include not only drivers' understanding
of how the driver-assistance technology
works, but how drivers interact with
and relate to the systems, " noted psychology
Ph.D. James Jenness, senior
researcher in Westat's Transportation
Research Group. " This included knowledge
of driver-assistance functional
capabilities and limitations, understanding
of the underlying technology, subjective
feelings about the technology,
trust in the systems and the drivers'
metacognition about their own understanding
- how confident are they that
they know everything they need to
know about how the systems work? "
Jenness noted some of the goals of the
research included forming queries about
how driver mental models form, how they
change over time as drivers get more
exposure to the technology, and how
drivers' mental models differ. " We conducted
focus groups to learn how drivers
typically think and talk about their driverassistance
systems, " Jenness said.
He added that design personas based
on cognitive learning and personality
variables may be useful for understanding
drivers' mental models of vehicle
technology. This approach, he noted,
could be beneficial for supporting consumer
education and user-interface (UI)
design. " By better understanding drivers'
mental models, " he said, " designers
can create systems that are more intuitive
or easily learnable. "
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Automotive Engineering - June 2022

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