Automotive Engineering - March 2023 - BET15

According to Dr. Singh, " COMSOL is an
easy-to-learn and adaptable finite element
tool for battery design and thermal
modeling. "
Future Scope: Extending Battery
Simulations to Predict Aging
In addition to the thermal simulations,
Dr. Singh has expanded the use of simulations
to investigate another important
phenomenon: battery aging. During the
lifetime of a battery, its state of health
(SOH) progressively deteriorates due to
irreversible physical and
chemical
changes, such as the growth of a solid
electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer, which
can lead to loss of porosity in a battery
cell, which in turn can lead to an increase
in polarization and internal resistance.
Magnetic field probing (MFP) is a noninvasive
method for monitoring a battery's
SOH. With the aim of demonstrating
the potential of the MFP method, Dr.
Singh developed a multiphysics model in
COMSOL to evaluate the magnetic field
response, battery polarization, and internal
resistance
of
the Li-ion response
(Figure 4).
The team observed that variation in
electrode porosity has a significant influence
on the magnetic field response.
Though this research is currently in its
preliminary stages, the potential applications
are far reaching. " We expect that
further investigation into this phenomenon
will allow for developing and deploying
monitoring features for battery aging
as well as better protection mechanisms
against it in the BMS itself, " said Dr. Singh.
The Exicom team is currently working on
electrochemical P2D modeling for thermal
and capacity-fading analysis at the cell
level. It intends to further extend the model
with additional thermal exothermic equations
at the electrodes and SEI layer for
better accuracy during thermal runaway.
They also plan to use the lumped capacity
fade model for cyclic and calendric
predictive analysis. In the future, they
also plan to implement a reduced order
model for SOC and SOH and export the
model to MATLAB® for code generation
up to the ASIC level.
With the accelerating transition to
electric mobility in India and worldwide,
research on battery technology is
expected to increase significantly in the
coming years. Simulation offers a crucial
head start to companies in the
electric mobility space that want to
provide more effective solutions and
improve the time to market for their
products.
COMSOL Multiphysics® and COMSOL®
are registered trademarks of COMSOL AB.
MATLAB is a registered trademark of The
MathWorks, Inc.
This article was written by Neena Picardo,
COMSOL, Inc. (Burlington, MA). For more
information, visit www.comsol.com. 
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Battery & Electrification Technology, March 2023
15
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Automotive Engineering - March 2023

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