Aerospace & Defense Technology - August 2021 - 26

RF & Microwave Technology
DDR4
SDRAM
8
8x RF/IF
Analog In
8x RF/IF
Analog Out
Timing &
Sync
ADCs
14-bit
5 GHz
8
DACs
14-bit
10 GHz
Xilinx
Zynq
UltraScale+
FPGA
RFSoC
DDR4
SDRAM
Dual 100
GbE
Interface
Engines
ARM
CPU
Cores
2x 100 GbE
25 GB/sec
10 GbE
40 GbE
LVDS
PCle Gen.3
1 GbE
USB
Display port
Serial
Xilinx's Zynq UltraScale+ RFSoC device combines all critical components of the EW subsystem including
eight RF ADCs and DACs, high-speed Ethernet and PCIe, DDR4 SDRAM interfaces, and multi-core ARM
processors.
DoD MOSA OBJECTIVES
US Navy Navair
HOST
Hardware Open
Systems Technology
Tier 1: Airframe
Tier 2: Chassis
Tier 3: Modules
Redhawk-VITA 49
Open VPX
US Army CCDC
CMOSS
C4ISR and EW Modular
Open Systems Suite of Stds
VICTORY - MORA
Redhawk - VITA 49
JBC - Platform
Open VPX
UCI
FACE
Redhawk - VITA 49
Open VPX
US Air Force
OMS
Open Mission Systems
erate artificial reflected signals carefully
crafted to simulate multiple targets as
well as false location, bearing, speed,
and target cross-section information.
Short reaction times to synthesize these
deceptive signals are vital for air-to-air
combat because of close proximities.
After nearly 25 years, network-centric
warfare has evolved rapidly to embrace
network technology as a fast, reliable
mesh of information links among all
warfighting elements. By carefully acquiring
signals from radar, communication,
electro-optical, and other sensors
and feeding those digitized streams to
signal processing elements, algorithms
can produce real-time representations
of the battlefield for tactical and strategic
decisions. Such ES functions are now
greatly enhanced with artificial intelligence
(AI) and machine learning technologies.
Resulting orders containing
precise information for the next course
of action, carefully tailored for each
asset, are distributed quickly across the
battlefield network to soldiers and
equipment.
SOSATM
Consortium
Sensor Open Systems Architecture
Navy, Army, & Air Force
Industry and Universities
formed under The Open Group
Defining Best Standards & Practices
for Open, Modular Defense Systems
Open Systems Architecture initiatives developed independently by the three U.S. DoD services share common
elements that are now consolidated under the Open Group SOSA initiative for open embedded system
acquisition requirements.
Examples of Electronic Attack,
Protection, and Support
A major segment of EW, radar offers a
wealth of attack, protection, and support
capabilities. Benefitting from almost a
century of development, radar technology
provides critical support for almost all
military platforms. One form of EA is jamming,
used to destroy, disable, or degrade
26
Intro
Cov
radar receivers, blinding them to enemy
assets. Originally using brute force, highpower
broadband transmitters, jamming
has now become extremely sophisticated,
with highly directed, frequency- and pulseadaptive
signals. This makes it harder to
locate and disable the jamming source.
EP can be provided by clever radar
transponders in aircraft, which can genwww.aerodefensetech.com
ToC
+
-
These
examples illustrate how the EW
functions for EA, EP, and ES are often
highly integrated and interactive within
the same platform. All these operations
increasingly rely upon advanced antennas,
including phased array designs,
and sophisticated signal processing
techniques like beamforming, modulation/demodulation,
AI, multi-dimensional
algorithms, spread spectrum tech -
niques, cryptography, adaptive radio,
and cognitive radio.
Nevertheless, any single implementation
of these strategies will eventually
become less effective as new countermeasures
are deployed. This self-sustaining
cycle is the engine of EW, which
virtually guarantees ongoing military
funding and incentives for new development.
New
Technologies Advance EW
Several key technologies are critical
for advancing EW. Increasing the signal
bandwidth accommodates higher information
rates and supports spread-spectrum
modulation schemes to improve
channel reliability and resiliency to
jamming. Another useful technology is
frequency hopping, where RF carrier
Aerospace & Defense Technology, August 2021
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Aerospace & Defense Technology - August 2021

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