Tech Briefs Magazine - March 2021 - 45

Stacking and Twisting Graphene Unlocks a Rare Form
of Magnetism
The technology could lead to a platform for quantum computation or new types of
energy-efficient data storage applications.
Columbia University, New York, New York and University of Washington, Seattle

N

ot only is graphene - a one-atomthick sheet of carbon arranged in a
hexagonal lattice - the strongest, thinnest material known to man, it is also an
excellent conductor of heat and elec-

tricity. Now, a team of researchers has
discovered that a variety of exotic electronic states, including a rare form of
magnetism, can arise in a three-layer
graphene structure.

Stacking monolayer and bilayer graphene sheets with a twist leads to new collective electronic
states including a rare form of magnetism. (Image: Columbia University)

The work was inspired by recent studies of twisted monolayers or twisted
bilayers of graphene, comprising either
two or four total sheets. These materials
were found to host an array of unusual
electronic states driven by strong interactions between electrons.
To conduct their experiment, the researchers stacked a monolayer sheet of
graphene onto a bilayer sheet and twisted them by about 1 degree. At temperatures a few degrees over absolute zero,
the team observed an array of insulating
states - which do not conduct electricity
- driven by strong interactions between
electrons. They also found that these
states could be controlled by applying an
electric field across the graphene sheets.
When the researchers pointed the electric field toward the monolayer graphene
sheet, the system resembled twisted bilay-

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Tech Briefs Magazine - March 2021

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Tech Briefs Magazine - March 2021 - Intro
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