Tech Briefs Magazine - May 2021 - 46

Manufacturing &
Prototyping
high temperatures that exceed their melting point, which can cause residual stress
buildup, distortion, and unwanted phase
transformations.
To eliminate these issues, the team developed a method using a nozzle of compressed gas to fire titanium alloy particles
at a substrate. The particles were between
45 and 106 microns in diameter and traveled at roughly 600 meters per second -

faster than the speed of sound. Typically,
in cold spray printing, a particle would
accelerate in the sweet spot between its
critical velocity - the speed at which it
can form a dense solid - and its erosion
velocity: when it crumbles too much to
bond to anything.
Instead, the team used computational
fluid dynamics to determine a speed just
under the titanium alloy particle's critical

This image shows cells adhering to a titanium alloy created by cold-spray 3D printing, which demonstrates the material's biocompatibility.

velocity. When launched at this slightly
slower rate, the particles created a more
porous structure, which is ideal for biomedical applications such as artificial
joints for the knee or hip, and cranial/
facial implants.
For implants made with these porous
structures, when inserted in the body, the
bone can grow inside the pores and make
a biological fixation. This helps reduce
the likelihood of the implant loosening,
eliminating the need for revision surgeries that patients have to go through to
remove the implant because it is loose
and causes pain.
While the process is technically termed
cold spray, it did involve some heat treatment. Once the particles collided and
bonded together, the researchers heated
the metal so the components would diffuse into each other and settle like a
homogeneous material. The team focused on titanium alloys and biomedical
applications but the applicability of the
process could extend to any metallic
material that can endure plastic deformation.
For more information, contact Jeff Tyson
at jeff.tyson@cornell.edu; 607-793-5769.

Upcoming...

Webinars
How Thermostatic Mixing/Diverting
Control Valves Improve System Efficiency
Thursday, May 13, 2021 at 11:00 am U.S. EDT
Thermostatic mixing and diverting valves are used to meet design demands for efficient and accurate temperature control and
can be used in many aerospace and defense applications where precise thermal management is critical to project success.
This 30-minute Webinar discusses:

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* Applications and installations
* How thermostatically controlled devices can have a
positive impact on aerospace and defense applications

Please visit www.techbriefs.com/webinar158

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Tech Briefs Magazine - May 2021

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of Tech Briefs Magazine - May 2021

Tech Briefs Magazine - May 2021 - Intro
Tech Briefs Magazine - May 2021 - Sponsor
Tech Briefs Magazine - May 2021 - Cov1
Tech Briefs Magazine - May 2021 - Cov2
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