Aerospace & Defense Technology - May 2022 - 32

Tech Briefs
REMUS 100 Variant used for entanglement testing.
and constant speed test, a lateral placement
test, and an accelerating speed
test. In the vegetation density and constant
speed test, the density of giant kelp
and eelgrass was varied, and the vehicle
steady state speed and propulsion direction
(forward versus astern) was varied
by changing the propeller RPM. In the
lateral placement test, the eelgrass and
giant kelp position was offset different
distances from the center line of the
vehicle. In the accelerating speed test,
the propeller entrance speed to an eelgrass
field was varied by giving the vehicle
a limited distance to accelerate up to
speed and thus resulted in the vehicle
not being at its steady state speed when
it passed through the vegetation field.
The different entanglement conditions
identified for each test run were
no entanglement, an entanglement
event, and an entanglement kill; these
conditions were assessed by visually
observing the speed of the vehicle as it
entered, transited, and exited the vegetation
field. During a no entanglement
condition, vehicle speed remained constant
throughout the entirety of the
run. An entanglement event condition
was characterized by a decrease in vehicle
speed caused by vegetation wrapping
around the hub of the vehicle's
propeller, but not actually stopping the
vehicle, so that eventually the vehicle
was able to pass through the vegetation
field. An entanglement kill condition
was characterized by a decrease in the
vehicle speed to zero caused by extensive
vegetation wrapping of the vehicle's
propeller.
A 2 (marine vegetation type) × 4
(marine density configurations) × 3
(vehicle speeds) × 2 (propulsion directions)
× 3 (trials) design was used for the
vegetation density and constant speed
test. The two marine vegetation types
used were giant kelp and eelgrass. The
four different marine vegetation density
configurations considered were high,
medium, low, and single. Three vehicle
steady state speeds corresponding to
three different propeller RPMs (600,
900, and 1200) were tested.
This work was done by Lieutenant Katherine
E. Irgens for the Naval Postgraduate
School. For more information, download
the Technical Support Package (free white
paper) at mobilityengineeringtech.com/
tsp under the Unmanned Vehicles &
Robotics category. NPS-0022
Foreign Counter-Unmanned Aerial Systems: Developments
in the International Arms Markets
With the numbers and weaponization capabilities of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) growing, an
increasing number of counter-UAV systems and technologies are being offered by foreign vendors.
Institute for Defense Analyses, Alexandria, Virginia
O
ver the last decade the numbers,
types, and capabilities of unmanned
aerial vehicles (UAVs) available to military
forces, domestic security forces,
non-state actors, commercial interests,
and even private citizens have grown
substantially. Offerings range from
large, expensive fixed-wing high-altitude/long-
endurance UAVs, which are
affordable only to nation states, down
to low-cost, low-flying small and
micro vertical take-off- and-landing
(VTOL) models available to everyone.
32
Both armed and unarmed models are
marketed. Some unarmed models are
being upgraded with aftermarket
lethal capabilities by third parties or
private individuals using do-it-yourself
techniques.
Today, some kind of UAV capability is
available to virtually all nations, nonstate
actors, commercial interests, and
individuals. Availability is now generally
a function of the price point, rather
than technological or regulatory constraints.
UAVs are becoming ubiquitous.
mobilityengineeringtech.com
ADT Tech Briefs 0522_1.indd 32
Intro
Cov
ToC
+
The capabilities of both large and
small UAVs are constantly evolving.
They are becoming faster, capable of
carrying heavier and more diverse payloads,
have longer endurance, and are
more autonomous. At the same time,
economies of scale are driving down
costs of both large and small UAVs.
UAVs offered in the international arms
market have attributes that make them
formidable military tools. They can distract,
disorient, and disrupt military operations,
as well as provide direct and indiAerospace
& Defense Technology, May 2022
-
A
µ
4/28/22 10:33 AM
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https://www.mobilityengineeringtech.com/component/content/article/ae/pub/briefs/45803 http://www.mobilityengineeringtech.com http://info.hotims.com/82321-830

Aerospace & Defense Technology - May 2022

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of Aerospace & Defense Technology - May 2022

Aerospace & Defense Technology - May 2022 - Intro
Aerospace & Defense Technology - May 2022 - Cov 4
Aerospace & Defense Technology - May 2022 - Cov 1
Aerospace & Defense Technology - May 2022 - Cov 2
Aerospace & Defense Technology - May 2022 - 1
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Aerospace & Defense Technology - May 2022 - Cov 3
Aerospace & Defense Technology - May 2022 - Cov 4
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