Aerospace & Defense Technology - October 2022 - 33

Tech Briefs
Each military vehicle represents a collection
of self-contained energy flow
networks containing producers, suppliers,
and energy storage devices. The
aggregation of these networks results in
a mobile energy network or microgrid.
Such systems also support the ability to
interconnect with either stationary
energy networks such as a Combat Outpost
(COP) and Forward Operating Base
(FOB), or temporary ad hoc energy networks,
such as vehicle-centric microgrid.
In both cases, energy resources may
be shared and used to exploit various
mission packages that extend the capabilities
of the warfighter.
The complex interdisciplinary interactions
between the dissimilar energy
flows are further complicated by the
variable operating conditions, such as
system efficiency and mission effectiveness,
which may be significantly
reduced, inhibiting the ability of the
warfighter to maintain current operations.
In an effort to minimize system
inefficiencies and maintain adequate
mission effectiveness, the development
of optimal and efficient energy management
and control is a key contributor.
For energy management that is dependent
on atmospheric resources, acquiring
and exploiting local atmospheric
intelligence is a fruitful strategy.
Consider an energy network that is
commissioned to operate for the next 48
hours. Let this network consist of a
30-kW diesel generator, 10-kW photovoltaic
(PV) array (subject to a clear sky),
360-kWh battery storage (at a 24-hour
discharge rate), and a variable electrical
load. Let the variable load be composed
of two load types: one which is invariant
3
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Power (kW)
Figure 3. Example fuel consumption characteristics
Aerospace & Defense Technology, October 2022
20
25
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of the operating environment and one
which is a function of atmospheric conditions
(such as the load to run heating,
ventilation, and air conditioning [HVAC]
units). Electrical load, atmospheric conditions,
and generator fuel consumption
characteristics examples are provided in
Figures 1, 2, and 3, respectively. For this
example, the resulting electrical load
requires 700 MJ of energy. This energy
must be provided by the generator, storage,
PV array, or some combination of
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33
ADT State of the Art Ad 1022.indd 1
9/6/22 10:22 AM
Fuel Consumption (gal/hr)
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Aerospace & Defense Technology - October 2022

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