Tech Briefs Magazine - February 2022 - BT-15

V2L (Vehicle to Load)
110/220V
Vehicle Charging
Battery Pack
Management System
(VCMS)
Integrated Charging
Control Unit
(ICCU)
Electronics / Home
Appliances Charging
110/220V
ICCB
Electronics
Charging
Vehicle to Vehicle
Charging (V2V)
Diagram of Hyundai vehicle-to-load (V2L) bi-directional " smart " charging system. (Photo: Hyundai)
But higher voltages, many industry
sources claim, are inevitable at every EV
price point. The Hyundai Group's new EGMP
platform for EVs was engineered as
an 800-V system, but in concession to the
likelihood that a significant 800-V charging
infrastructure will take time to install,
the E-GMP charging system can operate
at 400 volts without any adapters or extra
components, internally stepping up 400-V
input to 800 V. For its newly launched
Ioniq 5 EV, the company claims 800-V
charging can enable a recharge from 10
percent battery capacity to 80 percent in
18 minutes.
Bi-Directional Charging,
Innovative Inverters
For residence-based charging,
it's
expected that bi-directional capability
will emerge as a must-have feature that
adds considerable potential value to the
EV purchase equation. Ford has been an
early promoter, featuring in promotions
for its upcoming F-150 Lightning pickup
bi-directional charging's ability to use an
EV's battery to operate high-energy
power tools or even an entire home for as
much as three days.
Hyundai's Ioniq 5 has somewhat more
limited bi-directional power capability
Battery & Electrification Technology, February 2022
(at 77 kWh its battery is smaller than that
expected for the F-150 Lightning), but
can be used to power small appliances
and other equipment or charge another
EV. This vehicle-to-load (V2L) functionality
also has been demonstrated by other
automakers and is projected to be promoted
as an EV advantage over internalcombustion
power.
Residences and other structures must be
appropriately wired for the kind of wholehome
bi-directional power Ford promotes.
But the feature quickly will be " table
stakes " for EV batteries, said Matt Londre,
President of Willow Glen Electric and
Regional Leader of Northern California for
Qmerit, which manages a national network
of certified electricians to help ensure EV
buyers receive safe, reliable, and permitted
home-charging installations.
Higher-capacity charging, bi-directional
functionality and other charging-related
advances are enabled, in some instances,
by the quickly evolving technology in
one of an EV system's most crucial powerelectronics
components, the inverter.
BorgWarner, for example, has a 400-V
inverter employing silicon-carbide (SiC) as
its primary semiconductor material.
Earmarked for a 2023 production EV,
the company said in a release, " The system
features greater durability through
its wire-bondless power switch design,
in which the silicon-isolated gate bipolar
transistor power switches have been
replaced by SiC metal-oxide-semiconductor
field-effect transistor power
switches. This delivers up to a 70 percent
reduction in switching losses, offering
OEMs improved performance and
reduced costs for their electrified
propulsion systems. "
Gallium-nitride (GaN) semiconductors
also are speculated to impart new performance
advantages for EV inverters and
other power electronics. GaN semiconductors
have 1,000 times more electron
mobility than silicon, said Paul Weiner,
vice president of strategic marketing for
GaN Systems, in an article written for SAE
International in 2021. In comparison testing
conducted in 2020, he said the efficiency
of a GaN-based traction inverter is
improved significantly by reducing power
losses by 50 percent, resulting in battery
energy saving and extended driving
range, not to mention potentially significant
system-cost reduction.
This article was written by Bill Visnic,
Editorial Director, Mobility Media, SAE
International. For more information visit
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15
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Tech Briefs Magazine - February 2022

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of Tech Briefs Magazine - February 2022

Tech Briefs Magazine - February 2022 - 1
Tech Briefs Magazine - February 2022 - Sponsor
Tech Briefs Magazine - February 2022 - Cov1
Tech Briefs Magazine - February 2022 - Cov2
Tech Briefs Magazine - February 2022 - 1
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Tech Briefs Magazine - February 2022 - Cov3
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Tech Briefs Magazine - February 2022 - MD-Cov1
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Tech Briefs Magazine - February 2022 - BT-Cov3
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