Tech Briefs Magazine - April 2024 - 21

Anz_spec_TB_85.7x244.5_8.3.24.qxp_sp 05.03.24 09:40 Seite 1
battery provided continuous data for 22 hours; this resulting
prototype also demonstrated compatibility with energy harvesting
- a solar cell - to potentially lead to a miniaturized,
self-directed sensing system capable of operating at high temperatures
of 120 °C. Figure 1 shows a schematic representation
as well as an image of the final microbattery measuring 2 mm
in size.
Researchers at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
(PNNL) presented promising findings utilizing a dual-seal
approach in the construction of a 3-mm wide and 6-mm long
cylindrical cell microbattery.2 They utilized a combination of a
neoprene gasket and a two-component epoxy in the construction
of their prototype. The MB306 type microbatteries investigated
in their study exhibited a discharge energy density of
~430 Wh/L and 240 Wh/kg at a discharge rate of C/7 - compared
with Panasonic lithium coin cells, their prototype batteries
exhibit twice the gravimetric density and similar volumetric
energy density, while being only one-fifth the size. Figure 2
shows a schematic of their cylindrical microbattery.
Certifications Relevant for Industrial Adhesives
The certifications required for industrial adhesive will vary
depending upon their application. As the application discussed
in this article is in relation to electronic assemblies,
the Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS) originating
from the European Union is of particular relevance. This directive
seeks to restrict the use of the following chemicals in
electrical and electronic products: lead (Pb), mercury (Hg),
cadmium (Cd), hexavalent chromium (CrVI), polybrominated
biphenyls (PBB), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE)
with additional restrictions having taken effect in 2019 further
restricting bis(2-etylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), benzyl
butyl phthalate (BBP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), and diisobutyl
phthalate (DIBP). All Master Bond products are RoHS 3
compliant.
Outgassing requirements, most notably NASA low outgassing
requirements, seek to certify that an adhesive system will undergo
minimal outgassing during the course of its operation.
Outgassing may be detrimental to sensitive electronics, precision
lens systems, and also the sensitive electrolyte components
present within batteries. This standard originates from NASA,
as exposure to the vacuums of space poses particular risk for
the outgassing of volatile, migratory components trapped within
adhesives or plastics. Many Master Bond products are formulated
as certified to pass NASA low outgassing requirements:
total mass loss (TML) of <1 percent and collected volatile condensable
material (CVCM) of <0.1 percent.
This article was contributed by Master Bond (Hackensack, NJ).
For more information, visit www.masterbond.com.
REFERENCES
1. Masurkar, N., Babu, G., Porchelvan, S., et al. Millimeter-scale lithium
battery packaging for high-temperature sensing applications.
Journal of Power Sources. 2018. Vol. 399, pp. 179-185. https://doi.
org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2018.07.077.
2. Wang, Y., Cartmell, S., Li, Q., et al. A reliable sealing method for
microbatteries. Journal of Power Sources. PNNL-SA-119837. Pacific
Northwest National Laboratory. 2017. Vol. 341, pp. 443-447. https://
doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.12.024.
3. Yue, X., Grzyb, J., Padmanabha, A., Pikul, J.H. A minimal volume
hermetic packaging design for high-energy-density micro-energy
systems. Energies. 2020. Vol. 13, 2492. https://doi.org/10.3390/
en13102492.
Tech Briefs, April 2024
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http://info.hotims.com/86254-727 http://www.masterbond.com https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2018.07.077 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.12.024 https://doi.org/10.3390/en13102492 http://www.techbriefs.com
Tech Briefs Magazine - April 2024

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