Ensuring a Rise -- Church & Dwight 2019 - 3

how bicarbonates leaven

ďĂƩĞƌƐĂŶĚĚŽƵŐŚƐƚƌĂƉƐĂŝƌǁŝƚŚƚŚĞŚĞůƉŽĨƉƌŽƚĞŝŶƐ͕
ƐƵĐŚĂƐĞŐŐǁŚŝƚĞƐĂŶĚŶŽŶĨĂƚĚƌLJŵŝůŬ͘ƌĞĂŵŝŶŐ
solid fat with sugar may also introduce air into the
ƵŶďĂŬĞĚƉƌŽĚƵĐƚ͘dŚĞƌĞ͛ƐĂŐƌĞĂƚĚĞĂůŽĨƌŽŽŵĨŽƌ
ŚƵŵĂŶĞƌƌŽƌǁŝƚŚŵĞĐŚĂŶŝĐĂůĂĞƌĂƟŽŶ͕ǁŚŝĐŚŝƐǁŚLJ
ďĂŬĞƌƐŝŶĐůƵĚĞĂŶĂĐŝĚͬďĂƐĞĐŚĞŵŝĐĂůůĞĂǀĞŶŝŶŐĂŐĞŶƚ͘
dŚŝƐƐLJƐƚĞŵƌĞůŝĞƐŽŶƚŚĞƌĞĂĐƟŽŶŽĨĂŶĂůŬĂůŝŶĞ
(base) material with an acid salt using heat and
ŵŽŝƐƚƵƌĞ͘dŚŝƐĞƋƵĂƟŽŶƉƌŽĚƵĐĞƐĂŶĞƵƚƌĂůƐĂůƚ͕
ĐĂƌďŽŶĚŝŽdžŝĚĞĂŶĚǁĂƚĞƌ͕ǁŝƚŚƚŚĞƌĞůĞĂƐĞĚĐĂƌďŽŶ
ĚŝŽdžŝĚĞŐĂƐĞŶƚƌĂƉƉĞĚŝŶƚŚĞďĂƩĞƌŽƌĚŽƵŐŚ͕
enabling it to rise and expand. (See sidebar.)

BAKED GOODS
How does sodium bicarbonate leaven baked goods?
Sodium bicarbonate releases carbon dioxide gas when reacted
with acid and heat in the presence of water. The bubbles cause
ďĂƩĞƌĂŶĚĚŽƵŐŚƚŽƌŝƐĞ͕ƌĞƐƵůƟŶŐŝŶůŝŐŚƚĞƌďĂŬĞĚŐŽŽĚƐ͘dŚĞ
ƐŽĚŝƵŵŝƐƌĞƚĂŝŶĞĚŝŶƚŚĞďĂŬĞĚŐŽŽĚĂƐĂƐŽĚŝƵŵƐĂůƚ͘
NaX + H20 + CO2
HX + NaHCO3
(acid salt) (sodium bicarbonate) (heat / water) (sodium salt) (water) (carbon dioxide)

How does potassium bicarbonate compare?
Potassium bicarbonate reacts very similarly to sodium bicarďŽŶĂƚĞ͕ƌĞůĞĂƐŝŶŐĐĂƌďŽŶĚŝŽdžŝĚĞŐĂƐŝŶƚŽƚŚĞƐLJƐƚĞŵǁŝƚŚƚŚĞ
ďĂŬĞĚŐŽŽĚƌĞƚĂŝŶŝŶŐƚŚĞƉŽƚĂƐƐŝƵŵ͘WŽƚĂƐƐŝƵŵďŝĐĂƌďŽŶĂƚĞ
ĂůƐŽŚĂƐĂƐŝŵŝůĂƌƉ,ƚŽƐŽĚŝƵŵďŝĐĂƌďŽŶĂƚĞ͕ďƵƚƌĞƋƵŝƌĞƐ
more of the product to react completely with the acid salts.
KX
+ H20 + CO2
HX +
KHCO3
(acid salt) (potassium bicarbonate) (heat / water) (potassium salt) (water) (carbon dioxide)

Flour Tortillas
One of the most important
components in the
ĨŽƌŵƵůĂƟŽŶŽĨŇŽƵƌƚŽƌƟůůĂƐ
is the leavening system.
The sodium bicarbonate in
standard baking powders
ŵĂLJŶŽƚďĞŽƉƟŵŝnjĞĚĨŽƌƵƐĞ
ŝŶƚŽƌƟůůĂƐ͘dŽƌƟůůĂůĞŶĚΡ
^ŽĚŝƵŵŝĐĂƌďŽŶĂƚĞŝƐĂ
ƐƉĞĐŝĂůŐƌĂŶƵůĂƟŽŶƚŚĂƚŐŽĞƐ
ŝŶƚŽƐŽůƵƟŽŶĂƚƚŚĞƉƌŽƉĞƌ
rate, allowing for even gas
ĚŝƐƚƌŝďƵƟŽŶĂŶĚƉƌŽĚƵĐŝŶŐĂŶ
ŽƉƟŵĂůůLJůĞĂǀĞŶĞĚƚŽƌƟůůĂ͘
/ƚƐƉĞĐŝĮĐĂůůLJƚĂƌŐĞƚƐƚŚĞ
ĂƩƌŝďƵƚĞƐŽĨŚĞŝŐŚƚ͕ǀŽůƵŵĞ͕
uniform cell structure, bready
texture, toast point color and
reduced translucency.

Is the same true of ammonium bicarbonate?
EŽ͘tŚĞŶĂŵŵŽŶŝƵŵďŝĐĂƌďŽŶĂƚĞďƌĞĂŬƐĚŽǁŶ͕ŝƚƌĞůĞĂƐͲ
es carbon dioxide and ammonia gases. At ambient temƉĞƌĂƚƵƌĞ͕ĂŵŵŽŶŝƵŵďŝĐĂƌďŽŶĂƚĞǁŝůůĚĞĐŽŵƉŽƐĞƐůŝŐŚƚůLJ
ŝŶĂďĂƚƚĞƌ͘tŝƚŚƚŚĞĂĚĚŝƚŝŽŶŽĨŚĞĂƚ͕ŝƚƌĂƉŝĚůLJďƌĞĂŬƐ
ĚŽǁŶ͕ĞǀĞŶǁŝƚŚŽƵƚƚŚĞĂĚĚŝƚŝŽŶŽĨĂŶĂĐŝĚŽƌĂǁĂƚĞƌ
source.
NH3 + H20 + CO2
NH4HCO3
(ammonium bicarbonate) (heat) (ammonia) (water) (carbon dioxide)

Can ammonium bicarbonate be used in all the same
places as the other two bicarbonates?
EŽ͘ŵŵŽŶŝƵŵďŝĐĂƌďŽŶĂƚĞǁŽƌŬƐďĞƐƚŝŶĐŽŽŬŝĞƐ͕ĐƌĂĐŬĞƌƐ
ĂŶĚůŽǁͲŵŽŝƐƚƵƌĞƉƌŽĚƵĐƚƐ͕ĂƐƚŚĞƐĞƉƌŽĚƵĐƚƐŚĂǀĞĂƉŽƌŽƵƐ
ĐĞůůƵůĂƌƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞƚŚĂƚĂůůŽǁƐŐĂƐĞƐƚŽĞƐĐĂƉĞƋƵŝĐŬůLJ͘dŚĞ
ƐƉĞĐŝĂůůĞĂǀĞŶŝŶŐĂĐƟŽŶŽĨĂŵŵŽŶŝƵŵďŝĐĂƌďŽŶĂƚĞĐŽŶƚƌŝďͲ
ƵƚĞƐƚŽƐĞǀĞƌĂůĚĞƐŝƌĂďůĞĐŚĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝƐƟĐƐŝŶƐƵĐŚƐŵĂůů͕ƉŽͲ
ƌŽƵƐďĂŬĞĚŐŽŽĚƐ͘&ŽƌĞdžĂŵƉůĞ͕ŝŶĐŽŽŬŝĞƐƚŚĞƌĞ͛ƐŝŶĐƌĞĂƐĞĚ
ƐƉƌĞĂĚŽĨƚŚĞďĂƩĞƌ͘/ŶƐŽŵĞĂƉƉůŝĐĂƟŽŶƐ͕ĂŵŵŽŶŝƵŵďŝĐĂƌͲ
ďŽŶĂƚĞĂƐƐŝƐƚƐǁŝƚŚďƌŽǁŶĐŽůŽƌĚĞǀĞůŽƉŵĞŶƚ͘/ƚŝƐŽŌĞŶƵƐĞĚ
ŝŶĐŽŶũƵŶĐƟŽŶǁŝƚŚĂƐůŽǁĞƌͲĂĐƟŶŐůĞĂǀĞŶŝŶŐĂŐĞŶƚĨŽƌĂƚǁŽͲ
ƐƚĂŐĞƌĞůĞĂƐĞŽĨŐĂƐĞƐ͕ĂƐƚŚŝƐŚĞůƉƐǁŝƚŚƚŚĞĚĞǀĞůŽƉŵĞŶƚŽĨ
ƵŶŝĨŽƌŵŚĞŝŐŚƚĂŶĚƐŚĂƉĞ͘/ŶŚŝŐŚͲŵŽŝƐƚƵƌĞƉƌŽĚƵĐƚƐƐƵĐŚĂƐ
ĐĂŬĞƐĂŶĚŵƵĸ
ŶƐ͕ƚŚĞĂŵŵŽŶŝĂŐĂƐĚŽĞƐŶŽƚĞƐĐĂƉĞĐŽŵͲ
pletely and the taste and odor of ammonia remains.



Ensuring a Rise -- Church & Dwight 2019

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of Ensuring a Rise -- Church & Dwight 2019

Ensuring a Rise -- Church & Dwight 2019 - 1
Ensuring a Rise -- Church & Dwight 2019 - 2
Ensuring a Rise -- Church & Dwight 2019 - 3
Ensuring a Rise -- Church & Dwight 2019 - 4
Ensuring a Rise -- Church & Dwight 2019 - 5
Ensuring a Rise -- Church & Dwight 2019 - 6
https://www.nxtbook.com/sosland/church/2020_10_01
https://www.nxtbook.com/sosland/church/2019_09_01
https://www.nxtbook.com/sosland/church/2018_09_01
https://www.nxtbook.com/sosland/church/2017_09_01
https://www.nxtbook.com/sosland/church/2016_12_01
https://www.nxtbookmedia.com