Chemical Engineering January 2023 - 29

Endress+Hauser
FIGURE 4. Measurements taken in a moving liquid stream by a sensor encased in a thermowell tend to be
slow due to heavy protection, but modern variations, like the probe pictured, provide durability and strength
without sacrificing response
For example, a food processor
switched to modern, fast-responding
RTDs (Figure 4) for an ultra-high
temperature treatment process. After
a series of tests, plant engineers
found these new sensors reduced
response time by more than 50%
compared to previously installed
Call the
Solids Mixing
Ribbon & Cone Blenders
Fluidizing Mixers
Sigma Blade Mixers
(also for high-viscosity mixing)
Size Reduction
Wet & Dry Size Reduction
Steel & Ceramic Lined Mills
Jars & Jar Rolling Mills
Vacuum Drying
Dryers & Complete Systems
sensors. This allowed for tighter
temperature control, maintaining the
process within a very narrow range
necessary to optimize production.
Avoiding signal degradation
The signals created by RTDs and
TCs are not very robust, and they
for all your solids processing
Experts
Applications:
APIs ∙ Ag-Chemicals
Biologics ∙ Catalysts
Ceramics ∙ Chemicals
Food Ingredients
Herbicides ∙ Minerals
Nutraceuticals ∙ Pesticides
Pharmaceuticals ∙ Pigments
Polymers ∙ Powdered Metals
Proteins ∙ Resins ∙ Vitamins
can be difficult to transmit over long
distances without degradation. In
fact, most problems related to drift
are more attributable to wiring and
termination issues than sensor problems.
Additionally, temperature sensors
require specific, homogenous
cabling that is specialized, and usually
very expensive.
For this and other reasons, it is
typically most practical to install a
temperature transmitter as close to
the sensor as possible, to convert
the raw voltage or resistance signal
to a more transmittable format. For
example, when measuring moderate
temperatures, most TCs create
a signal less than 15 to 20 mV, so
a very small change can represent a
significant temperature movement.
A transmitter turns the raw analog
output from the sensor into a more
robust signal, such as a 4-20-mA
current loop or digital fieldbus. Some
transmitters are dedicated specifically
to RTDs or TCs, but most are
universal and can handle resistance
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Chemical Engineering January 2023

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of Chemical Engineering January 2023