Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 28

Plant Safety and Environment
FIG. 5. Consumption of caustic during the additive application in the
HZ-2 unit.
FIG. 7. Maximum cost savings using the additive over caustic.
concentration of chemical oxygen demand (COD) decreased
from 100 mg/l-150 mg/l to 20 mg/l-30 mg/l. This is also attributed
to the reduction of SO2
in the original flue gas and the
reduction of sulfite and its corresponding COD in water.
An economic model for predicting maximum cost savings
using the proprietary additivea
erating conditions was established in FIG. 7.
Assuming that a mass concentration of uncontrolled SO2
the regenerator flue gas was 1,000 mg/m3
over caustic under different opin
and
the price of causFIG.
6. The SO2 concentration in the flue gas and consumption of
caustic during the additive application in the QD unit.
concentration of SO2
the WGS was about 600 mg/m3
in the original flue gas at the entrance of
without additives. The SO2
concentration decreased rapidly to about 250 mg/m3
addition of the additivea
in September, the mass concentration of SO2
again and stabilized to about 100 mg/m3
that the removal ratio of SO2
with the
at the end of July. When the additive
concentration came back
. The results showed
reached 80% when the sulfur
transfer agent was added at 2% of catalyst inventory.
Under the same pH value of controlled circulating liquid in
the WGS, the total consumption of caustic decreased gradually
from about 800 kg/hr to about 130 kg/hr-200 kg/hr with the
addition of the additivea
, which was consistent with the removal
ratio of SO2
in flue gas, as shown in FIG. 6. The economic benefit
is about $71/hr, almost the same as predicted. In addition,
the problem of plume tailing from the scrubber was well controlled.
The TDS in the circulating liquid decreased from about
4% to about 1%. With the addition of the additive, the mass
28 OCTOBER 2022 | HydrocarbonProcessing.com
was not added due to dredging pipeline and catalyst storage
tank replacement in August, the SO2
to about 400 mg/m3
. After the normal addition was resumed
decreased rapidly
tic with 30 wt% NaOH was $173/MMt, the additive would
provide a maximum cost savings of $0.72/MMt of feedstock,
with excess oxygen greater than 4%, $0.41/MMt of feedstock
with excess oxygen between 2.5% and 4%, and $0.25/MMt of
feedstock with excess oxygen between 0.5% and 2.5%. If the
concentration of uncontrolled SO2
was higher, greater economic
benefits would be obtained.
Takeaway. The PUF of the additive has been fitted as a function
of SO2
concentration at the regenerator outlet and good
correlations have been established based on the application of
the additive in 25 different FCCUs under 5 different operating
conditions. To identify the cases where using the additive
is more economical than using caustic in a WGS, a model was
built to show the difference between the two costs, and the economic
benefit of the additive was evaluated. The most cost-effective
way to use the additive in FCCUs with a WGS has been
predicted under different regeneration conditions. Three FCCUs
are listed as examples to demonstrate the accuracy of the
model. The actual total cost savings from the application of the
additive are consistent with the prediction of the model. The
additive also has the benefit of reducing total dissolved solids
(TDS) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) in liquid waste
and solves the problem of plume tailing caused by SO3
aerosol
in scrubber stacks.
NOTES
a SINOPEC's RFS09
http://www.HydrocarbonProcessing.com

Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022

Contents
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - Cover1
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - Cover2
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - Contents
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 4
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 5
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 6
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 7
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 8
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 9
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 10
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 10A
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 10B
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 10C
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 10D
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 11
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 12
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 13
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 14
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 15
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 16
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 17
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 18
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 19
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 20
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 21
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 22
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 23
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 24
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 25
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 26
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 27
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 28
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 29
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 30
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 31
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 32
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 33
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 34
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 35
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 36
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 37
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 38
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 39
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 40
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 41
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 42
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 43
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 44
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 45
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 46
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 47
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 48
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 49
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 50
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 51
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 52
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 53
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 54
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 55
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 56
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 56A
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 56B
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 56C
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 56D
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 56E
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 56F
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 56G
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 56H
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 57
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 58
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 59
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 60
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 60A
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 60B
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 60C
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 60D
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 60E
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 60F
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 61
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 62
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 63
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 64
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 64A
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 64B
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 65
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - 66
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - Cover3
Hydrocarbon Processing - October 2022 - Cover4
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https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/gulfpub/petrochemical_2018_v2
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https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/gulfpub/hp_201812
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