World Grain - July 2005 - 38
grainoperations
Grain quality tips
Minimizing physical damage and contamination levels
in grain requires proper use of equipment
by Kevin B. Mason
The following article is the second in a two-part series on
grain quality. It contains information on ways in which grain
handlers and processors can minimize deterioration of stored
grain. The first article, published in the June 2005 issue of World
Grain, focused on improving and preserving stored grain.
MINIMIZING PHYSICAL DAMAGE
Every time grain is moved mechanically, there is an opportunity for it to deteriorate. One form of deterioration is
physical damage. Whenever product is moved, it slides and
impacts against spouting, itself, and equipment.
At best, very small particles wear off the kernel, creating dust. At worst, the kernels become peeled, cracked or
broken, which hurts the quality.
When looking for ways to prevent physical damage, most
people think of the conveying equipment used and seek out
"gentle" conveying equipment as the first step. Vibratory
conveyors are generally considered the most gentle, followed by belt conveyors, drag conveyors, bucket elevators,
screw conveyors, and pneumatic conveyors.
With most regular grains, damage caused by conveying
equipment is not a significant problem, and therefore the
equipment is selected to best match the capacity requirements and physical layout constraints.
Different equipment selection criteria apply to products
which tend to break, crack, or dehull on impact or due to
sliding action. Specialty crops such as peas, edible beans,
canary seed and buckwheat are relatively fragile. Malt barley also may be damaged by regular grain handling facilities, particularly if it is too dry.
When dealing with fragile products, the idea is to minimize
sliding action of the product, and more importantly, limit the
number of impacts and product velocity at impact points.
Impact points should be constructed to be self-cushioning
by trapping a buildup of the
product itself. However, effective self-cushioning impact
points that clean out without
causing contamination are difficult to design and build.
If self-cushioning impact
points are not practical, impact
points should be lined with a
soft-cushioning material such
as energy-absorbing urethane
or rubber to lessen the effect
on the product.
CONVEYORS AND
BUCKET ELEVATORS
Belt conveyors, vibratory
conveyors and special slowspeed bucket elevators are
usually used when handling
fragile grains.
40
July 2005 / World Grain / www.World-Grain.com
http://www.World-Grain.com
World Grain - July 2005
Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of World Grain - July 2005
Contents
World Grain - July 2005 - 1
World Grain - July 2005 - 2
World Grain - July 2005 - 3
World Grain - July 2005 - Contents
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