ISTAT Jetrader - Spring 2020 - 42

AVIATION HISTORY

For the CSM, optical subsystems
feeding information to the AGC
consisted of two elements: a dual line
of sight, narrow field of view sextant
(used by Robert Redford in "All Is
Lost" when all electronics had failed
him) and a single line of sight, unity
powered, wide field of view scanning
telescope - both mounted with the
IMU. For the LM, optical subsystems
consisted of just a unity-powered
periscope mounted on navigation base
supporting the LM's IMU.
Navigation tools certainly
weren't cutting edge but were quite
complementary to the AGC, as it
allowed the astronauts to use their eyes
to collect data that was subsequently

fed into the computer. A sextant,
which uses the stars to navigate, could
have proven ineffective for navigation
if certain stars became muddied as
modules approached the moon.
As things happened, once the LM
reached the lunar orbit, the astronauts
never held doubts on whether the
correct star was aligned within its two
degree field of view. However, leaving
the moon, a debris cloud formed on
liftoff and rendered the star-sighting
navigation tools completely unusable
for a time.

Photo courtesy of Draper.

Optical Subsystems
to Navigate the
Command Module and
Lunar Module

An engineer strings sense
inhibit wiring component of
AGC's erasable memory.

'99% Perspiration'

juggled demands to keep the Apollo
program on track while effecting
changes to the pilot interface based
on the testing. (As a passionate
sailor, he knew well the sextant
instrument incorporated into the CSM's
optical systems.)
"Software Configuration
Management Plan," which he authored

My grandfather wasn't a trained
engineer when he joined MIT/IL, but
he brought 20-plus years' service as
a naval officer and an aptitude for
problem solving and creative solutions.
As a decorated pilot, he brought
credibility acting as liaison for MIT/
IL's engineers and MSC who, in turn,

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ISTAT Jetrader - Spring 2020

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of ISTAT Jetrader - Spring 2020