IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2014 - 63

Crude Oil
Stock Change
0.02
Crude Oil
Export 0.04

Residential
0.71
Commercial
0.37

Crude Oil
Production
5.51

Crude Oil
Imports
9.16

Crude Oil
Adjustments
0.11

Crude Oil
Refinery and
Blender Net Inputs
17.36

Crude Oil
Supply
14.67

Refinery and
Blender Net
Production
8.43

Industrial
4.39

Motor
Gasoline
9.03
Petroleum
Consumption
19.15

Distillate Fuel Oil
3.79
Other Liquids
Refinery and
Liquefied Petroleum
Blender 2.21
Gas 3.79
NGPL
Jet Fuel 1.42
Refinery and
Residual Fuel Oil 0.55
NGPL 1.55
Blender 1.06
Other 2.24
Processing Refined Products
Gain 0.44
1.21
Refined
Other Liquids
Products
Product Supplied
Stock Change
0.02
Finished
0.03
Petroleum
Products
Adjustments
0.09

Transportation
13.51

Electric
Power
0.17

Figure 1. The petroleum flow in the United States in 2010 (millions of barrels per day). (Data courtesy of the U.S. Energy Information Administration.)

given for the 2012 Chevrolet Volt, a pheV14.3 based on the
specifications given for the 2012 toyota prius, an eV based
on the characteristics of the 2012 nissan leaf, and a CV
based on the specifications provided for a 2012 toyota
Corolla. these particular models were selected because
they each represent a popular option in their respective category in the current vehicle market, and they have been
broadly used as models of reference in the literature.

534
(8%)

395
(6%)

345
(5%)

2,378
(33%)

1,372
(19%)

the Chevrolet Volt is a hybrid sedan that combines an
electric- and gasoline-powered engine, with a typical
electric range of 40 mi. the vehicle has a lithium-ion battery with a maximum capacity of 16 kWh that can be
recharged by plugging it into the grid at 110 or 240 V. the
charging time depends on the initial state of charge, normally taking between 4 and 6 h to be fully charged. the
retail cost of this vehicle is us$31,645. the toyota prius is

0.50%
1.50%
2.70%
2.80%
3.40%
8.20%
2.30%

0.60%
0.10%

58.70%

19.20%

2,098
(29%)
Electric Power Industry
Transportation
Industry

Agriculture
Commercial
Residential

Light-Duty Vehicles
(Cars, SUVs, and Pick-ups)
Freight Trucks
Aircraft, Domestic

(a)

Aircraft,
International
Rail
Marine, Domestic

Marine,
International
Pipelines
Lubricants

(b)

Figure 2. U.S. GHG emissions in 2006: (a) million metric tons of CO2 by sector and (b) the percentage of emissions by transportation mode.
(Data courtesy of the U.S. Department of Transportation.)

	

IEEE Electrific ation Magazine / j une 2 0 1 4

63



Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2014

IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2014 - Cover1
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2014 - Cover2
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2014 - 1
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IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2014 - Cover3
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2014 - Cover4
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_december2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_september2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_june2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_march2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_december2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_september2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_june2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_march2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_december2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_september2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_june2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_march2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_december2019
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_september2019
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_june2019
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_march2019
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_december2018
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_september2018
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_june2018
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_december2017
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_september2017
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_march2018
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_june2017
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_march2017
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_june2016
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_december2016
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_september2016
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_december2015
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_march2016
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_march2015
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_june2015
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_september2015
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_march2014
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_june2014
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_september2014
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_december2014
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_december2013
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_september2013
https://www.nxtbookmedia.com