IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 38

shown in the middle of the figure.
The current sources are calibrated,
and all cells are nominally equal. The
15 unary cells in the thermometric
4-bit MSB segment are depicted on
the left, while the 6-bit LSB segment
is shown on the right and employs an
R-2R ladder to weight the currents before
summing them up at the output.
The bottom switch pairs in the cells
implement a dual-switch topology.
On top of these there are additional
switch pairs whose function is to either
steer the currents into the load
(shown on the top-left side of the
figure) or divert them away from the
load (zeroing it) and into the top supply
rail [28].
Although this approach is very intriguing
when the signal bandwidth is
much smaller compared to the center
frequency of the output signal, the interested
reader will promptly realize,
after careful reading [28], how critically
complex the block placement
and the interconnects design become
as the wavelength of many of the involved
high-frequency signals (e.g.,
fm ,fs
RZ = F
and, clearly, the resulting
fout) become comparable with the
circuit's geometry and as stray inductances
cannot be neglected.
A really high sample-rate DAC is
the 8-bit/60-GSPS 7-nm FinFET design
reported in [31]. Transitioning
from a planar CMOS process, such as
the popular 28-/22-nm one, to a finer
FinFET process like the 7-nm process
used in this example, has many design
implications. The geometry of
FinFETs, compared to their planar
MOS counterparts, provides multiple
transistor benefits such as better
transconductance, much higher drain
impedance, smaller current leaks,
and so on. But the biggest limitations
with respect to high- frequency design,
come from the relatively much
higher interconnect's parasitics. This
is especially true for the stray resistances
associated with transistor
contacts, the lowest metal levels and
vias and, again, nonnegligible stray
inductances on long lines carrying
high-frequency signals. In addition,
multiple reliability challenges exacerbate
the problem for both transistors
(e.g., aging, self-heating, and so
on) and interconnects (e.g., electromigration),
adding to stricter headroom
limitations and restricting the ability
to use higher supplies.
With that in mind, to minimize interconnect
strays by reducing physical
size in the analog core, the design
in [31] relies on an ultracompact
50 Ω
DACout
50 Ω
R-2R Scaling Network (R = 25 Ω)
dc Block
Off Chip
Output Summing Node
2R
R
RZ Clock
(fRZ = mrzfs)
RZ
SPI
Interface
2R
R
R
R
m = 14
m = 0
15 Unary Cells
4-15 Encoder
DCLK
Data Clock
fs = 3.35 GS/s
4 MSBs
6 LSBs
10 × 3.35 GS/s LVDS Channels
10-bit Data Input
FIGURE 15: An MRZ DAC architecture [28].
38 SUMMER 2022
IEEE SOLID-STATE CIRCUITS MAGAZINE
n = 5
n = 0
Six Binary Cells

IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022

Contents
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - Cover1
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - Cover2
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - Contents
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 2
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 3
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 4
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 5
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 6
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 7
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 8
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 9
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 10
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 11
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 12
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 13
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 14
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 15
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 16
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 17
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 18
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 19
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 20
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 21
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 22
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 23
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 24
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 25
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 26
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 27
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 28
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 29
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 30
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 31
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 32
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 33
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 34
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 35
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 36
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 37
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 38
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 39
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 40
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 41
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 42
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 43
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 44
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 45
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 46
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 47
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 48
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 49
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 50
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 51
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 52
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 53
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 54
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 55
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 56
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 57
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 58
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 59
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 60
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 61
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 62
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 63
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 64
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 65
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 66
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 67
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 68
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 69
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 70
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 71
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 72
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 73
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 74
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 75
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 76
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 77
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 78
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 79
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 80
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 81
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 82
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 83
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 84
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 85
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 86
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 87
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 88
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 89
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 90
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 91
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 92
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 93
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 94
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 95
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 96
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 97
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 98
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 99
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 100
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 101
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 102
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 103
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 104
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 105
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 106
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 107
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 108
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 109
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 110
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 111
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - 112
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - Cover3
IEEE Solid-States Circuits Magazine - Summer 2022 - Cover4
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/mssc_fall2023
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/mssc_summer2023
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/mssc_spring2023
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/mssc_winter2023
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/mssc_fall2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/mssc_summer2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/mssc_spring2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/mssc_winter2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/mssc_fall2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/mssc_summer2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/mssc_spring2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/mssc_winter2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/mssc_fall2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/mssc_summer2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/mssc_spring2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/mssc_winter2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/mssc_fall2019
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/mssc_summer2019
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/mssc_2019summer
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/mssc_2019winter
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/mssc_2018fall
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/mssc_2018summer
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/mssc_2018spring
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/mssc_2018winter
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/solidstatecircuits_winter2017
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/solidstatecircuits_fall2017
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/solidstatecircuits_summer2017
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/solidstatecircuits_spring2017
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/solidstatecircuits_winter2016
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/solidstatecircuits_fall2016
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/solidstatecircuits_summer2016
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/solidstatecircuits_spring2016
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/solidstatecircuits_winter2015
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/solidstatecircuits_fall2015
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/solidstatecircuits_summer2015
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/solidstatecircuits_spring2015
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/solidstatecircuits_winter2014
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/solidstatecircuits_fall2014
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/solidstatecircuits_summer2014
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/solidstatecircuits_spring2014
https://www.nxtbookmedia.com