IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 43
generation is estimated to be 4,400 tWh (42%) in 2050,
exceeding current u.s. annual generation from all sources.
natural gas-based generation comprises a nearly equivalent
amount in 2050 (40%) with coal (8%) and other generation
(10%) comprising the remainder. to meet these penetration
levels, we estimate net average annual capacity additions of
over 45 gW for wind and solar technologies from 2017 to
2050 and even greater rates during the latter years. combined with the 14 gW of net annual additions of natural
gas capacity, high electrification is found to offer a formidable challenge, as well as opportunities, for infrastructure
and new carbon policies, power sector changes observed in
recent years are projected to continue through 2050.
Figure 6, in the second column, shows the impact of high
electrification in isolation without any major targeted policy
changes on decarbonization or efficiency in the electric sector. not surprisingly, the incremental electrification-driven
demand growth results in a corresponding increase in total
generation, almost all of which comes from wind, solar, and
natural gas technologies. any price elasticities of demand
that might erode some of the incremental generation needs
of electrification are ignored here. combined wind and solar
+ High Electrification
Reference
+ Grid Decarbonization
+ High Efficiency
12,000
Annual Generation (TWh)
10,000
8,000
6,000
4,000
2,000
0
2010
4,000
2030
2050
Reference
2010
2030
2050 2010
(a)
+ High Electrification
2030
2050 2010
+ Grid Decarbonization
2030
2050
+ High Efficiency
3,500
Capacity (GW)
3,000
2,500
2,000
1,500
1,000
500
0
2010
2030
2050
Nuclear
2010
Coal
2030
Natural Gas
Carbon Capture and Sequestration
2050 2010
(b)
Hydropower
2030
2050 2010
Photovoltaic
Concentrating Solar Power
2030
2050
Storage
Wind
Other
figure 6. The (a) generation and (b) capacity mix over time for various supply- and demand-side scenarios. The first (far
left) panel includes both reference demand- and supply-side evolution. The second panel is end-use electrification only.
The third panel includes electrification and grid decarbonization (an 83% reduction from 2005 levels in 2050), and the
far-right panel combines electrification, grid decarbonization, and end-use energy efficiency.
july/august 2018
ieee power & energy magazine
43
Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018
Contents
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - Cover1
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - Cover2
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - Contents
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 2
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 3
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 4
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 5
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 6
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 7
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 8
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 9
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 10
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 11
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 12
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 13
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 14
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 15
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 16
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 17
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 18
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 19
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 20
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 21
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 22
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 23
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 24
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 25
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 26
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 27
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 28
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 29
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 30
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 31
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 32
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 33
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 34
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 35
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 36
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 37
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 38
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 39
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 40
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 41
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 42
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 43
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 44
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 45
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 46
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 47
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 48
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 49
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 50
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 51
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 52
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 53
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 54
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 55
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 56
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 57
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 58
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 59
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 60
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 61
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 62
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 63
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 64
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 65
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 66
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 67
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 68
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 69
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 70
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 71
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 72
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 73
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 74
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 75
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 76
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 77
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 78
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 79
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 80
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 81
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 82
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 83
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 84
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 85
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 86
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 87
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 88
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 89
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 90
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 91
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 92
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 93
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 94
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 95
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 96
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 97
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 98
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 99
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 100
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 101
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 102
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 103
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 104
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 105
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 106
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 107
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 108
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 109
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 110
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 111
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 112
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 113
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 114
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 115
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 116
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 117
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 118
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 119
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 120
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 121
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 122
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 123
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 124
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 125
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 126
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 127
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 128
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 129
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 130
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 131
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 132
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - Cover3
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - Cover4
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_091020
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_070820
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_050620
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_030420
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_010220
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_111219
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_091019
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_070819
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_050619
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_030419
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_010219
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_111218
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_091018
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_070818
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_050618
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_030418
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_010218
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_111217
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_091017
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_070817
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_050617
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_030417
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_010217
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_111216
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_091016
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_070816
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_050616
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_030416
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_010216
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/powerenergy_010216
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_111215
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_091015
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_070815
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_050615
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_030415
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_010215
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_111214
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_091014
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_070814
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_050614
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_030414
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_010214
https://www.nxtbookmedia.com