90 ieee power & energy magazine january/february 2016 6 13 DER Management System (DDEMS or DERMS) Distribution Meter at PCC 1 ECP 3 Utility and REP Information and Communication (ICT) 8 ECP ECP 4 ECP Process Field Station Operation Enterprise Market Customer Premises Facilities Site Loads Facilities Load Management 5 Aggregator DER and Load Management System Demand Response (DR) and/or Market System 12 Electric Vehicle Equipment Distributed Energy Resources (DER) Local EPS 12 Diesel Generator 8 Level 3: Thied Party: Retail Energy Provider (REP) or DER Aggregator Retail Energy Market Clearinghouse EV as DER Controller Facilities DER Energy Management Systems (FDEMS) PV Controller 12 PV Equipment Diesel Controller 10 Facilities DER and Load Energy Management Facilities Site System WAN/LAN 2 DER Communications System SCADA 11 Contractual Agreements with DER Systems, Facilities, and Aggregators Facilities DER Energy Management Systems (FDEMS) Level 1: Autonomous Cyber-Physical DER Battery Storage Controller Systems 12 Local EPS Battery Equipment Protection 1 Level 2: Facilities DER Energy Management System (FDEMS) 9 Distribution Management System (DMS) Utility WAN/LAN Outage Management System (OMS) Transmission Bus Load Model (TBLM) Geographic Information System (GIS) Level 4: DSO: Distribution Utility Operational Analysis and Control for Grid Operations Distribution Energy Market Clearinghouse figure 8. A five-level hierarchical architecture with distributed resource integration. Transmission Area EPS Integrated Protection Scheme Distribution Substation System Integrity Protection Scheme SCADA Transmission Energy Management System (EMS) ISO/RTO/TSO Balancing Authority 7 Transmission Energy Market Clearinghouse Level 5: Market Interactions Hierarchical DER System Five-Level Architecture, Mapped to the Smart Grid Architecture Model (SGAM)